West, B.J. van der (2023) An evaluation of the presence of EU-imposed sustainability policies and investments in sustainable urban development strategies of Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris. Bachelor thesis.
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Abstract
Cities are at the forefront of the developments involving climate change. Furthermore, cities are responsible for a major amount of global energy production and consumption. The European Union (EU) has an extensive framework of sustainable urban development policies and investments. Therefore it is interesting to evaluate whether European cities benefit from the framework of sustainable urban development policies and investments provided by the EU. From the Arcadis Sustainable Cities Index, the top three sustainable cities from Europe are chosen to evaluate as a leading example (Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris). This research is already conducted on the cities and communities of LMICs (Low to Middle-Income Countries), which brings forth scientific relevance to evaluate it for high-income countries. Furthermore, this research will provide societal relevance in the form of a leading example of how to benefit from the SUD policies and investments of the European Union. The research was done through a policy performance study in ATLAS.TI on the guidance of two coding schemes: one for EU SUD policies and one for EU SUD funding initiatives. EU SUD policies were evaluated on the basis of no presence, low presence, and high presence. EU SUD funding initiatives were evaluated on the basis of no presence and presence. Findings indicate that EU SUD policies are mainly of a normative character and stimulate and inspire cities to deal with sustainable urban development in a way lead by the European Union. Besides that, cities remain dependent on national, regional, and municipal policies that fit to their local needs and contexts. The instrumentalization of EU SUD policies is often neglected, and cities fail to benefit from the EU policy frameworks in an applied way. EU funding initiatives involve a lot of unclarity, and cities are mainly dependent on existing (national) financial frameworks. Furthermore, the governmental layer and the type of sector to which the EU funding initiatives flow is unclear from this research.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
|---|---|
| Degree programme: | Spatial Planning and Design |
| Supervisor: | Woltjer, J. |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Jul 2023 11:39 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Jul 2023 11:39 |
| URI: | https://frw.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/4251 |
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