%L theses_frw2322 %A J.M.M. van Kempen %X Electronic citizen participation is a new tool for citizen participation and fits in the shift the governments are making to eGovernment. In this research the political context of e-participation is discussed and four case studies (Participatory Budgeting cases in Berlin, Cologne, Hamburg and Frankfurt am Main) were conducted. %D 2013 %T eParticipation and Spatial Planning