<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin"^^ . "The coming decades, cities are expected to expand to be able to maintain the rising population. With\r\nclimate change affecting weather patterns and an increase in inhabitants, parks can be used to help solve\r\ntwo occurring challenges. First, parks can help lower temperatures, create space to store and discharge\r\nwater and clean the air. Second, parks have a positive effect on human well-being and can help decrease\r\nstress levels and provide a sense of safety. This research tries to answer the question “How can urban\r\nparks be planned in a way which optimizes both the environmental and intrinsic benefits for its users?”.\r\nTo answer this question, surveys were conducted in Groningen, The Netherlands and in Berlin,\r\nGermany. Two parks in each city were studied and compared, in Groningen the focus was on intrinsic\r\nbenefits, based on park elements defined by an interview with a landscape architect, while in Berlin the\r\nawareness of the environmental benefits was evaluated. In Groningen these parks were Park Oost\r\nInsichebuurt (N=30) and Pioenpark (N=30), in Berlin this was Volkspark Friedrischain (N=47) and the\r\nRummelsburg Neighbourhood (N=26) which is built according to the sponge city principle. Comparing\r\nthe two parks led to findings that showed how different executions of similar elements created similar\r\nor different experiences in park visitors. Results indicate that, vegetation and water have a positive effect\r\non the happiness and relaxation potential of parks. Water does not increase the feeling of safety, for\r\nvegetation this is dependent on the density and maintenance of the green space. The results from Berlin\r\nsuggest that park visitors are aware of the capabilities of parks to clean the air and lower temperatures.\r\nThat parks can help prevent floods was not familiar to park visitors from Berlin, a reason for this low\r\nawareness is that Berlin citizens are not affected by floods. To conclude, climate-responsive park design\r\nis seen as the new type of planning to enhance both the environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks."^^ . "2022" . . . . . . . "Elzemieke"^^ . "Brouwer"^^ . "Elzemieke Brouwer"^^ . . . . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Text)"^^ . . . "Final version - Elzemieke Brouwer.pdf"^^ . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "small.jpg"^^ . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "medium.jpg"^^ . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "preview.jpg"^^ . . . "Combining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin (Other)"^^ . . . . . . "lightbox.jpg"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #3990 \n\nCombining environmental and intrinsic benefits of parks in planning: a case study of Groningen and Berlin\n\n" . "text/html" . .