@unpublished{theses_frw4663,
           title = {Surfing the Waves of Sustainable Development: A Case Study on Local Perceptions of NGO Activities in Northern Peru},
          author = {Carla Martinez Harms},
            year = {2024},
        abstract = {The northern coastal region of Peru combines artisanal fishing, surfing, and industrial activities, 
with the fishing village of Lobitos used as the focal point in this study. Originally an area for the 
Peruvian oil industry, Lobitos has become a centre for tourism and NGO activities. This thesis 
analyses the social impacts of sustainable tourism NGOs in Lobitos, aiming to contribute to 
the Social Impact Assessment discourse by examining both positive and negative NGO 
interventions, emphasising community empowerment and inclusive decision-making. 
The study uses semi-structured interviews and participant observation to explore recent spatial 
changes in Lobitos and the interplay between different actors. It summarises the impacts of 
NGO activities on the economic, environmental, and socio-cultural landscape. Findings show 
that NGOs have driven economic change, and promoted resilient energy systems, educational 
opportunities, and environmental awareness. However, their role in tourism also brings 
challenges such as a process of gentrification, socioeconomic divides, and potential harm from 
insufficient community engagement. 
The study aims to highlight the need for NGOs to maintain ongoing dialogue with local 
communities, respect their autonomy, and ensure that development initiatives reflect local 
needs and aspirations. Conclusions suggest that a community-based approach, integrating 
concepts like Social License to Operate and Free, Prior, and Informed Consent, and balancing 
tourism benefits with socio-cultural and environmental impacts are essential for sustainable 
development. The findings aim to inform NGO strategies, promote sustainable tourism models, 
and enhance the effectiveness of development projects in similar contexts. Fostering a 
respectful and inclusive approach can lead to long-term benefits for coastal regions dependent 
on fishing and tourism, ensuring a balanced and sustainable future for Lobitos and beyond.},
             url = {https://frw.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/4663/}
}